Assertion (A): Horner found high level of motive to avoid success or fear of success in females.
Reason (R) : As a result of success, the threat of social rejection and fear concerning perceived lack of feminity are aroused in women.
Horner's Fear of Success: Assertion and Reason Analysis
Assertion (A) Analysis
Assertion (A) states that psychologist David Horner identified a high level of the motive to avoid success or fear of success specifically in females. This finding is considered true based on Horner's research.
Reason (R) Analysis
Reason (R) proposes that success in women triggers anxieties related to social rejection and a perceived loss of femininity. This explanation aligns with Horner's theoretical framework, positing that societal norms create conflict for successful women.
Connecting Assertion and Reason
Reason (R) provides the underlying psychological mechanism explaining why Assertion (A) holds true. The fear of negative social consequences (rejection, loss of femininity) directly leads to the motive to avoid success.
- Success can be perceived by women as violating traditional gender roles.
- This violation can lead to anxiety about social acceptance and integration.
- Therefore, women may consciously or unconsciously avoid situations that lead to success to mitigate these fears.
Thus, Reason (R) correctly explains the phenomenon described in Assertion (A).
Conclusion
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are factually correct according to Horner's theory, and Reason (R) serves as the direct explanation for Assertion (A).
Important Questions from Motivation
- Match List I with List Il related to content Theories of Motivation
List I (Exponent) List II (Theory) (a) Abraham Maslow (i) Two-factor Theory (b) Herzberg (ii) Achievement Theory (c) Aldufer (iii) Need Hierarchy Theory (d) Mcclelland (iv) ERG Theory - Mechanistic view of motivation can be characterised as :
(a) S-O-R explanation.
(b) Direction of behaviour is determined by bonds between stimulus and response or habits.
(c) Probability of elicitation of various habits depend upon prior reinforcement contingencies.
(d) Behaviour once elicited persists until the removal of sustaining stimuli. - Which of the following sequence is correct in case of steps in a goal-setting program for students ?
- According to self-determination theory ______ and _____ form the basis for intrinsic motivation.
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer by choosing from the codes given below :
List – I
(Concept)List – II
(Explanation)a. Fixed Action Pattern i. When two incompatible response tendencies are simultaneously aroused, the organisms may display behaviours that appear to be irrelevant to the situation. b. Displacement Activity ii. Highly stereotyped responses that are assumed to be genetically programmed reactions that occur in the presence of a particular ‘sign’ stimulus. c. Hedonic Bias iii. A state in which a person performs an action because the act itself is satisfying or rewarding internally. d. Intrinsic motivation iv. Tendency to take more credit for success than to take responsibility for failure.
