Rayon is classified as a semi-synthetic fibre because it is manufactured from:
Cellulose extracted from wood pulp
Rayon is manufactured by chemically treating naturally occurring cellulose, most commonly extracted from wood pulp, and regenerating it into continuous fibres. Because its raw material is a natural polymer that is then chemically processed, rayon is classified as a semi-synthetic fibre — it is neither fully natural, like cotton or silk taken directly from a source, nor fully synthetic, like fibres built entirely from petrochemical monomers.
Silk cocoon protein is spun directly by silkworms to make natural silk, not rayon. Fibres made purely from petroleum-derived chemicals, such as nylon and polyester, are classified as fully synthetic fibres, and a blend of polyester and nylon would still be a combination of synthetic fibres, not a semi-synthetic one.
So it is specifically the use of naturally sourced cellulose from wood pulp, reprocessed through chemical treatment, that gives rayon its semi-synthetic classification.
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