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Question

In a single-phase parallel RL circuit connected to a single phase AC supply, which of the following is correct?

This question was previously asked in
RRB JE 2025 CBT 2 Mechanical and Allied Engg Question Paper English (2-Jul-2026) (Shift-1)
The correct answer is

Current Lags Voltage 

In a single-phase parallel RL circuit connected to an AC supply, the behavior of current and voltage can be analyzed as follows:

  1. Understanding Parallel RL Circuits: A parallel RL circuit consists of a resistor (R) and an inductor (L) connected in parallel to an AC supply.
  2. Voltage and Current Relationship: In AC circuits, phase relationships between voltage and current are crucial for understanding power factor and circuit behavior.
  3. Inductive Nature: In an RL circuit, the inductor causes the current to lag the voltage. This is due to the inductor's property of opposing changes in current, leading to the phase difference.
  4. Power Factor Explanation:
    • The power factor (PF) is a measure of how effectively electrical power is being used. It is calculated as the cosine of the phase angle (\theta) between the current and voltage: PF = \cos(\theta).
    • In an ideal inductor or an RL circuit dominated by inductance, the current lags the voltage, making the phase angle positive.
  5. Evaluating the Options:
    • Power factor is unity: This occurs when the phase angle is zero, which is not the case in an RL circuit due to induction.
    • Current Leads Voltage: Typically happens in a capacitive circuit, not inductive.
    • Power Factor is Leading: Leading power factor is associated with capacitive circuits.
    • Current Lags Voltage: This is correct in an inductive circuit like a parallel RL circuit.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Current Lags Voltage.

This concept is fundamental in understanding alternating current (AC) circuits, particularly when dealing with inductive components.

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Similar Questions

  1. An oscilloscope displays a measured rise time of 10 ns when observing a fast pulse. If the oscilloscope itself has a specified rise time of 6 ns, then what is the approximate actual rise time of the signal being measured?

  2. In a parallel RC circuit connected to a single-phase AC supply, the correct relationship between the supply voltage and the total circuit current is _________.

  3. How is the phase angle between voltage V and total current I in a S parallel RLC circuit determined?


Important Questions from Phasor Diagrams

  1. In phasor representation of an alternating quantity, the sinusoidally varying alternating quantity can be represented graphically by:

  2. An oscilloscope displays a measured rise time of 10 ns when observing a fast pulse. If the oscilloscope itself has a specified rise time of 6 ns, then what is the approximate actual rise time of the signal being measured?

  3. In a parallel RC circuit connected to a single-phase AC supply, the correct relationship between the supply voltage and the total circuit current is _________.

  4. How is the phase angle between voltage V and total current I in a S parallel RLC circuit determined?

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