A student accidentally spills some hydrochloric acid on a table. Which substance should be used to neutralise the acid safely?
Baking soda solution
When hydrochloric acid (HCl) is spilled, it must be neutralised to prevent harm.
Baking soda (NaHCO₃) solution is ideal because:
NaHCO₃ + HCl → NaCl + H₂O + CO₂
- It is a mild, non-hazardous base — safe to handle
- Readily available in most labs and kitchens
- Neutralises the acid effectively without producing additional hazardous byproducts
Strong bases like NaOH would work but risk causing a strongly alkaline spill instead. Water alone dilutes but does not neutralise the acid. Vinegar (acetic acid) would worsen the spill.
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