Match List - I with List - II. Choose the correct answer from the options given below :List - I
(Organizations)List - II
(Management tools and Techniques) A. World Bank I. Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) B. WTO II. International Commodity Agreements (ICAs) C. CFC III. Global System of Trade Preferences (GSTP) D. UNCTAD IV. The Logistics Performance Index (LPI)
A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
The correct matching is A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III — option 4.
| Organisation | Instrument | What it is |
|---|---|---|
| A. World Bank | IV — Logistics Performance Index | A biennial index ranking countries on customs efficiency, infrastructure quality, ease of arranging shipments, logistics competence, tracking and tracing, and timeliness. It is used to identify where trade facilitation should be improved |
| B. WTO | I — Trade Policy Review Mechanism | A core WTO function. Every member’s trade policies are examined periodically — most frequently for the largest traders — through a report by the member and one by the Secretariat. Its purpose is transparency and peer review, not enforcement, which is the separate work of dispute settlement |
| C. CFC — Common Fund for Commodities | II — International Commodity Agreements | An intergovernmental body created under UNCTAD auspices to finance commodity development. ICAs are agreements between producing and consuming countries to stabilise the price of a primary commodity — historically through buffer stocks or export quotas, in coffee, cocoa, sugar, tin and rubber |
| D. UNCTAD | III — Global System of Trade Preferences | The GSTP is an arrangement among developing countries to exchange tariff preferences with one another — South-South trade — negotiated under UNCTAD, which has championed developing-country trade interests since 1964 |
The two anchors that solve it. WTO with the Trade Policy Review Mechanism is unmistakable — TPRM is one of the WTO’s three main functions, alongside negotiation and dispute settlement. And an index is the characteristic instrument of the World Bank, which publishes several. Fixing B-I and A-IV leaves only option 4.
Why UNCTAD and the WTO must not be confused. UNCTAD, the UN Conference on Trade and Development, is a UN body that advocates for developing countries and produces analysis; it has no rule-making or enforcement power. The WTO is a treaty organisation whose rules bind its members and are enforceable through dispute settlement. UNCTAD is also where the Generalised System of Preferences originated — preferences given by developed to developing countries, which should be distinguished from the GSTP among developing countries themselves.
Hence, the answer is A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III.
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