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Question

Least polluting energy generating technique among the following is:

This question was previously asked in
UGC NET 2018 Paper 1 Question Paper (8-Jul-2018)
The correct answer is

Photovoltaic

To determine the least polluting energy generating technique among the given options, we need to evaluate each method based on its environmental impact.

  1. Fission-based nuclear energy: Although nuclear energy produces low greenhouse gas emissions during operation, the processes of mining, refining, and managing nuclear waste can have significant environmental impacts. Additionally, nuclear accidents may have catastrophic consequences for the environment.
  2. Thermal power: Typically involves burning fossil fuels like coal, oil, or natural gas. This process releases large amounts of carbon dioxide and other pollutants into the atmosphere, making it a major contributor to air pollution and climate change.
  3. Photovoltaic: Photovoltaic systems convert sunlight directly into electricity through solar panels. This method is considered the least polluting as it does not emit greenhouse gases during operation and has a minimal environmental footprint aside from the energy and materials needed for manufacturing and installation of solar panels.
  4. Magneto-hydrodynamic power: This method of generating electricity from hot ionized gases is still in the experimental phase and has yet to be widely adopted. It can produce pollutants similar to those in traditional thermal processes, depending on the source of the heat used.

Based on these evaluations, the Photovoltaic method is determined to be the least polluting energy generating technique among the options provided. Solar power systems have minimal environmental impact during their operational lifetime and contribute significantly to sustainable and renewable energy goals.

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