Item in this section consists of a sentence with an underlined word followed by four words, (a), (b), (c), and (d). Select the option that is opposite in meaning to the underlined word and mark your response in your Answer Sheet accordingly. He is always obdurate in his behaviour towards other people.
flexible
Understanding the Word 'Obdurate'
The question asks for the word that is opposite in meaning to the underlined word 'obdurate'. Let's first understand the meaning of 'obdurate'.
The word 'obdurate' is an adjective. It is used to describe someone who is stubbornly refusing to change their opinion or course of action. They are unyielding, resistant to persuasion or softening.
In the sentence "He is always obdurate in his behaviour towards other people," it means he consistently acts in a stubborn and unyielding way, refusing to change his mind or actions despite potential reasons to do so.
Analysing the Options
Now let's look at the given options and understand their meanings:
- (a) flexible: This word describes someone or something that is able to change or be changed easily according to the situation. A flexible person is adaptable and open to new ideas or different courses of action.
- (b) callous: This word describes someone showing or having an insensitive and cruel disregard for others. It relates to a lack of feeling or sympathy towards others.
- (c) insensible: This word can mean either without one's mental faculties (unconscious) or unaware of, indifferent to, or unaffected by something. It relates to a lack of physical sensation or emotional awareness.
- (d) obnoxious: This word describes someone or something that is extremely unpleasant or offensive. It relates to causing annoyance or strong dislike.
Finding the Opposite Meaning
We are looking for the antonym, the word opposite in meaning to 'obdurate' (stubborn, unyielding). Let's compare the meaning of 'obdurate' with each option:
- 'Obdurate' means stubborn and unwilling to change. 'Flexible' means easily changed or adapted. These two meanings are directly opposite.
- 'Callous' means insensitive or cruel. This is not the opposite of stubbornness.
- 'Insensible' means unaware or indifferent, or unconscious. This is not the opposite of stubbornness.
- 'Obnoxious' means unpleasant or offensive. This is not the opposite of stubbornness.
Therefore, the word that is opposite in meaning to 'obdurate' is 'flexible'.
Conclusion
Based on the analysis of the meanings, 'flexible' is the clear antonym of 'obdurate'. An obdurate person is rigid and unwilling to change, while a flexible person is adaptable and willing to change.
| Word | Meaning | Relationship to Obdurate |
|---|---|---|
| Obdurate | Stubbornly refusing to change opinion or action. | Underlined word |
| Flexible | Able to change easily; adaptable. | Opposite (Antonym) |
| Callous | Insensitive; cruel disregard for others. | Different meaning |
| Insensible | Unaware; indifferent; unconscious. | Different meaning |
| Obnoxious | Extremely unpleasant; offensive. | Different meaning |
Revision Table: Obdurate Antonym
Here's a quick summary to help you revise:
| Word | Meaning | Antonym/Related |
|---|---|---|
| Obdurate | Stubborn, unyielding, resistant to persuasion | Flexible, yielding, compliant, amenable |
| Flexible | Adaptable, pliable, easy to change | Rigid, inflexible, obdurate |
Additional Information: Expanding Vocabulary
Understanding synonyms and antonyms helps expand your vocabulary and improve comprehension. Let's look at some related words for 'obdurate' and 'flexible'.
Synonyms for Obdurate:
- Stubborn
- Adamant
- Unyielding
- Infle xible
- Resistant
Synonyms for Flexible:
- Adaptable
- Pliable
- Elastic
- Supple
- Adjustable
Being able to identify the opposite meaning of a word is a key skill in vocabulary questions. Always consider the context of the sentence when choosing an antonym.
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