In genetics, a gene refers to which of the following?
A section of DNA that codes for a protein
A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Structurally it is a specific segment of DNA located at a definite position (locus) on a chromosome.
The sequence of bases in this DNA segment carries the coded instructions that the cell reads to synthesise a particular protein (or functional RNA) through the processes of transcription and translation.
A chromosome, by contrast, is a much larger structure made of tightly coiled DNA that carries many genes; a sex chromosome (X or Y) is just one such chromosome, and blood groups are determined by particular genes rather than being a unit of a gene themselves.
Hence, a gene is a section of DNA that codes for a protein.
Similar Questions
- The laws of inheritance were discovered by:
- The approach based on the idea that 'organisms which are more distantly related will accumulate a greater number of differences in their DNA' is called?
- Who coined the phrase 'Survival of the fittest'?
- Which of the following sets of chromosomes lead to the birth of a girl child?
- ________ organs are those organs which have the same basic structural design and origin but have different functions.
- Which one of the following factors does NOT contribute to speciation (when new species develop from the existing ones)?
- Which of the following does NOT come under Gregor Mendel's Law of Inheritance?
- Sexually reproducing individuals have ________ copies of genes of the same trait.
- Which of the following options best represents the predictions of a Punnett square?
The phenotype short in pea plants is expressed by which allele combination?
Important Questions from Genetics and Evolution
Which one of the following is a nonsense codon in universal code?
Which one of the following is an example of Analogous organs?
Which base of a codon is called wobble base?
How many different kinds of gametes will be produced by a plant having the genotype AABbCC?
Pair of genes that occupy a specific location on a particular chromosome and control the same trait is termed as _________.
