In a laboratory demonstration, a student adds hydrochloric acid to sodium hydrogencarbonate and collects the gas. How can the student confirm it is carbon dioxide?
It turns limewater milky.
Sodium hydrogencarbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid: NaHCO3 + HCl → NaCl + H2O + CO2.
When CO2 is passed through limewater (calcium hydroxide solution), insoluble calcium carbonate forms and the solution turns milky: Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O. This is the confirmatory test for CO2.
CO2 does not support combustion. Although it puts out a burning splint, so do other gases such as nitrogen, so that test does not confirm CO2; a blue precipitate is typical of copper(II) hydroxide, not CO2.
Hence, It turns limewater milky.
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