In a certain language, FUTILE is written as EGTVSUHJKMDF. How will HELPFUL be written in that language?
GIDFKMOQEGTVKM
Understanding Coding Decoding Problems
Coding-decoding is a common type of question in logical reasoning tests. It involves deciphering a pattern or rule used to convert a word, number, or sequence into a different form (the code). Once the pattern is identified, it is applied to another given word or sequence to find its coded form, or vice-versa.
Analyzing the Given Example: FUTILE to EGTVSUHJKMDF
The problem states that in a certain language, the word FUTILE is written as EGTVSUHJKMDF. We need to find the pattern that transforms FUTILE into EGTVSUHJKMDF.
Let's examine the relationship between each letter of FUTILE and the corresponding letters in EGTVSUHJKMDF. The word FUTILE has 6 letters, while the code EGTVSUHJKMDF has 12 letters. This suggests that each letter in the original word is likely represented by two letters in the code.
Let's look at the first letter of FUTILE, which is F. The first two letters of the code are EG. How are F, E, and G related?
- E is the letter immediately before F in the English alphabet.
- G is the letter immediately after F in the English alphabet.
So, it seems the letter F is coded as its preceding and succeeding letters, EG.
Let's check this pattern with the other letters of FUTILE:
- For U: The preceding letter is T, and the succeeding letter is V. The code has TV for U. This matches.
- For T: The preceding letter is S, and the succeeding letter is U. The code has SU for T. This matches.
- For I: The preceding letter is H, and the succeeding letter is J. The code has HJ for I. This matches.
- For L: The preceding letter is K, and the succeeding letter is M. The code has KM for L. This matches.
- For E: The preceding letter is D, and the succeeding letter is F. The code has DF for E. This matches.
Combining the pairs for each letter (F→EG, U→TV, T→SU, I→HJ, L→KM, E→DF) gives EGTVSUHJKMDF, which is the given code for FUTILE.
Identifying the Coding Pattern
The pattern is clear: Each letter in the original word is replaced by two letters in the code – the letter immediately preceding it and the letter immediately succeeding it in the English alphabet sequence.
Applying the Pattern to HELPFUL
Now we apply this same pattern to the word HELPFUL:
- For H: The preceding letter is G, the succeeding letter is I. Code for H is GI.
- For E: The preceding letter is D, the succeeding letter is F. Code for E is DF.
- For L: The preceding letter is K, the succeeding letter is M. Code for L is KM.
- For P: The preceding letter is O, the succeeding letter is Q. Code for P is OQ.
- For F: The preceding letter is E, the succeeding letter is G. Code for F is EG.
- For U: The preceding letter is T, the succeeding letter is V. Code for U is TV.
- For L: The preceding letter is K, the succeeding letter is M. Code for L is KM.
Constructing the Coded Word for HELPFUL
Concatenating the coded pairs for each letter of HELPFUL:
H → GI
E → DF
L → KM
P → OQ
F → EG
U → TV
L → KM
Putting these together, we get: GIDFKMOQEGTVKM.
Comparing with Options
Let's compare our derived code GIDFKMOQEGTVKM with the given options:
Option 1: GIDFKMOQEGTVVMN
Option 2: IJDFKMOQEGTVKM
Option 3: GIDFKMOQEGTVKM
Option 4: GIDFKMQREGTVKM
Our derived code GIDFKMOQEGTVKM exactly matches Option 3.
| Word | Code | Pattern |
|---|---|---|
| FUTILE | EGTVSUHJKMDF | Each letter → (Preceding Letter)(Succeeding Letter) |
| HELPFUL | GIDFKMOQEGTVKM | Applying the same pattern |
Revision Table: Key Concepts
| Concept | Description | Application Here |
|---|---|---|
| Coding-Decoding | Finding a pattern in converting words/numbers to codes. | Problem type. |
| Letter Coding | Pattern based on alphabetical position or substitution. | The pattern involves adjacent letters. |
| Pattern Identification | Analyzing the relationship between the original and coded forms. | Comparing FUTILE and EGTVSUHJKMDF letter by letter. |
| Pattern Application | Using the identified pattern for a new word. | Applying the (preceding, succeeding) pattern to HELPFUL. |
Additional Information: Types of Coding Patterns
Coding-decoding problems can follow various patterns. Some common types include:
- Letter Shifting: Each letter is shifted a fixed number of positions forward or backward in the alphabet (e.g., A → C, B → D is a shift of +2).
- Direct Letter Substitution: A specific letter is substituted with another specific letter throughout the code (e.g., if 'A' is always coded as 'X').
- Number Coding: Words are coded using numbers, often based on the alphabetical position of the letters (e.g., A=1, B=2).
- Mixed Coding: A combination of letters and numbers might be used.
- Reverse/Rearrangement: The letters of the word are simply rearranged or reversed in a specific order.
- Word Substitution: One word is substituted for another (e.g., 'red' is called 'blue', 'blue' is called 'green').
Solving coding-decoding questions requires careful observation and analysis to identify the specific rule or pattern applied in the given example.
Important Questions from Coding Decoding
Each vowel In the word “CAPSULE” Is changed to the previous letter In the English alphabetical series and each consonant is changed to the following letter in the English alphabetical series. In the newly formed word, how many alphabets are there in the English alphabetical series between the alphabet which is 3rd from the left and 3rd from the right?
In a certain code language, if ‘PDFJARS’ is written as ‘OCELZQR’ and ‘MHCXBTU’ is written as ‘LGBZAST’, how will ‘ZVDGENQ’ be written in the same code language?
Which of the following letter-clusters will replace the question mark (?) in the given series to make it logically complete?
ADZ, GJF, MPL, SVR, ?
In a certain code language, 'BENT' is coded as '3198' and 'DEBT' is coded as '8316'. What is the code for 'N' in the given code language?
In a certain code language, GAME is written as TUZANOVW, and CAR is written as XYZAIJ. How will POST be written in that language ?
