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Question

If \(x+\frac{1}{x}=5\), then \(\frac{x^{3}-5x^{2}+5x}{x^{2}+1}\) is equal to:

This question was previously asked in
RRB NTPC 2025 Graduate Level CBT 1 Question Paper (25-Mar-2026) (Shift 3)
The correct answer is

\(\frac{4}{5}\)

To solve the expression \(\frac{x^{3}-5x^{2}+5x}{x^{2}+1}\) given that \(x+\frac{1}{x}=5\), we will use algebraic identities and substitution.

Firstly, let's manipulate the given equation:

Given:

\(x + \frac{1}{x} = 5\)

We square both sides to find related expressions:

\(\left( x + \frac{1}{x} \right)^2 = 5^2\)
\(x^2 + 2 + \frac{1}{x^2} = 25\)
\(x^2 + \frac{1}{x^2} = 23\)

Now, let's express \(\frac{x^3 - 5x^2 + 5x}{x^2 + 1}\) step-by-step:

The expression \(x^3\) can be found using:

\(x^3 = x \cdot x^2\)
 

From \((x+\frac{1}{x})^2\), we know:

\(x^2 = 5x - 1\)

Now:

\(x^3 = x \cdot (5x - 1) = 5x^2 - x\)

Now substitute \(x^3\)\(5x^2\), and \(5x\) directly in the main expression:

Expression:

\(\frac{(5x^2 - x) - 5x^2 + 5x}{x^2 + 1}\)
\(= \frac{-x + 5x}{x^2 + 1}\)
\(= \frac{4x}{x^2 + 1}\)

Finally, express \(\frac{x}{x^2 + 1}\):

If \(x+\frac{1}{x}=5\), multiplying both sides by \(\frac{1}{x}\) gives:

\(1 + \frac{1}{x^2} = \frac{5}{x}\)
 

Thus, we simplify:

\(\frac{4x}{x^2 + 1} = \frac{4x}{23}\)

Calculating further

Using:

\(\frac{4}{5}\)

The correct answer is therefore:

\(\frac{4}{5}\)

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