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Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R

Assertion A: The amino acid sequences of Histones H$_3$ and H$_4$ are not highly conserved.

Reason R: Nearly all of the amino acids in a histone molecule are engaged in an interaction with either DNA or another histone.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

This question was previously asked in
CUET PG 2026 Agri-Business Management Question Paper (25-Mar-2026) (Shift 2)
The correct answer is
A is not correct but R is correct

Histone H3 and H4 Conservation Analysis

Assertion A: States that Histone H$_3$ and H$_4$ amino acid sequences are not highly conserved.

  • Histones, particularly H3 and H4, are known to be among the most conserved proteins across diverse eukaryotic species.
  • Their high conservation is critical for their fundamental role in DNA packaging and chromatin structure.
  • Therefore, Assertion A is factually incorrect.

Histone Interaction Analysis

Reason R: States that most amino acids in histones interact with DNA or other histones.

  • Histones are basic proteins that form the core of nucleosomes, interacting with negatively charged DNA.
  • They also interact with each other to form the histone octamer (two units each of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4).
  • These extensive interactions, essential for chromatin structure and stability, involve a large proportion of the amino acid residues within the histone proteins.
  • Therefore, Reason R is considered correct.

Conclusion

Based on the analysis, Assertion A is incorrect, while Reason R is correct. This matches Option D.

Final Answer: The final answer is $\boxed{D}$

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