Assertion (A) : Considering the harmful effects of liquor and tabacco products, the government of India banned the advertising of these products. As a reaction to this, the manufacturer of these products started seeking other way to promote these products.
Reason (R) : Manufacturer introduced various other products (surrogates) in the market with the same brand name (like sodas) to remind the target market of their original products.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :
Analysis of Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A) states that the Indian government banned the advertising of liquor and tobacco products due to their harmful effects, leading manufacturers to find alternative promotional methods. This statement is factually correct. Such bans are implemented to mitigate public health risks associated with these products.
Reason (R) explains that manufacturers introduced surrogate products, such as sodas, under the same brand names as liquor or tobacco products. The purpose was to maintain brand visibility and remind the target audience of the original products. This strategy is known as surrogate advertising and is a common response to advertising bans.
The introduction of surrogate products (Reason R) is a direct consequence and a specific method employed by manufacturers as a reaction to the advertising ban on liquor and tobacco products (Assertion A). Therefore, Reason (R) correctly explains the phenomenon described in Assertion (A).
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct statements. Furthermore, Reason (R) provides the correct explanation for Assertion (A).
The most appropriate answer is Option A.
| List - I | List - II |
| A. Ambiguous instrument | I. An incomplete or blank negotiable instrument properly stamped and signed. |
| B. Inchoate instrument | II. A bill of exchange drawn on a specified banker, payable on demand |
| C. Cheque | III. An instrument, which is in such form that it may either be treated as bill of exchange or promissory note. |
| D. Bank draft | IV. It is an order issued by one bank to another or on its own branch instructing to pay a sum of money to a specified person or his order. |
| List - I | List - II |
| A. Direct Material | I. Stores used for maintaining machines |
| B. Indirect Material | II. Cloth in dress making |
| C. Indirect Labour | III. Factory rent |
| D. Indirect Expense | IV. Salary paid to foreman and Supervisors |
| List - I | List - II |
| A. Article of Association (AoA) of a company limited by guarantee and not having share capital | I. Table I |
| B. AoA of an unlimited company and having share capital | II. Table F |
| C. AoA of company limited by share | III. Table G |
| D. AoA of company limited by Guarantee and having share capital | IV. Table H |