Given below are the statements in assertion and reason. Choose the correct options: Assertion (A): An athlete found with banned substances in their system, even unintentionally, can still face penalties. Reason (R): Under WADA rules, athletes are strictly liable for any prohibited substance found in their body.
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Assertion (A) — true. An athlete in whose sample a banned substance is found commits an anti-doping rule violation even if the intake was unintentional (for example through a contaminated supplement); penalties such as disqualification and ineligibility can follow, though the period may be reduced if no fault or no significant fault is proved.
Reason (R) — true. The World Anti-Doping Code (WADA, headquartered in Montreal) applies the principle of strict liability: each athlete is responsible for any prohibited substance found in their body, and intent, fault or knowledge need not be proved to establish the violation.
Does R explain A? Yes. It is precisely because liability is strict that an unintentional presence of a banned substance can still be penalised.
Note: the first two options are printed identically in the source; both read the same statement.
Hence, the answer is Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
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