Combining Sentences with Relative Clauses

The question asks us to combine two given sentences using a relative clause. The original sentences are:

Sentence 1: Gandhiji preached peace.

Sentence 2: He is an apostle of peace.

We need to find the option that correctly uses a relative clause to merge these two ideas into a single sentence.

Understanding Relative Clauses in Sentence Combination

A relative clause, also known as an adjective clause, is a dependent clause that functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun. It usually begins with a relative pronoun like 'who', 'whom', 'whose', 'which', 'that', or a relative adverb like 'where', 'when', 'why'. Relative clauses are a common way to combine short sentences to create more complex and flowing sentences.

In this case, the pronoun 'He' in the second sentence refers back to the noun 'Gandhiji' in the first sentence. We can use a relative pronoun ('who' for people) to replace 'He' and introduce a clause that describes Gandhiji.

Analyzing the Sentence Combination Options

Let's look at the given options and evaluate how they attempt to combine the sentences:

• Option 1: Gandhiji who preached peace is called an apostle of peace.

  This option uses 'who preached peace' as a clause modifying Gandhiji, which is a step towards a relative clause. However, it adds 'is called', which changes the meaning slightly from the original sentences. Also, for a well-known figure like Gandhiji, the clause 'who preached peace' provides non-essential information (most people know this about him), making it a non-restrictive clause, which typically requires commas.

• Option 2: Gandhiji preached peace because he is an apostle of peace.

  This option uses the conjunction 'because' to show a cause-and-effect relationship. While grammatically correct, it does not use a relative clause to combine the sentences. It explains why Gandhiji preached peace, rather than describing Gandhiji using a relative clause.

• Option 3: Gandhiji, who preached peace, is an apostle of peace.

  This option uses 'who preached peace' as a relative clause modifying 'Gandhiji'. The relative pronoun 'who' replaces 'He' from the second sentence, and the clause is placed immediately after 'Gandhiji'. The use of commas indicates that this is a non-restrictive relative clause, providing additional information about Gandhiji. This correctly combines the two original sentences using a relative clause while preserving the original meaning.

• Option 4: Gandhiji is an apostle of peace because he preached peace.

  Similar to Option 2, this option also uses the conjunction 'because'. It states that Gandhiji is an apostle of peace because he preached peace. This focuses on the reason for him being an apostle of peace, not on using a relative clause to combine descriptive elements about him.

Correct Use of Relative Clause

Option 3 correctly employs a relative clause ('who preached peace') to combine the information from the two original sentences. The clause modifies 'Gandhiji', and the use of commas sets it apart as a non-restrictive clause, providing extra descriptive information about Gandhiji.

Revision Table: Relative Clauses

Additional Information: Combining Sentences

Sentences can be combined in many ways beyond using relative clauses. Some other methods include:

• Using conjunctions (and, but, or, so, because, etc.) to form compound or complex sentences.
• Using transitional words or phrases (however, therefore, moreover, in addition, etc.).
• Using participles (present or past participles) to form participial phrases.
• Using appositives (a noun or noun phrase that renames another noun right beside it).

Understanding these different methods helps in creating varied and effective sentence structures in writing.