Define pheromones. Discuss the role of pheromones in alarm spreading in animals with suitable examples.
Pheromones are chemical substances released by animals into the environment that influence the behavior or physiology of other members of the same species. Acting as “chemical messengers,” they play vital roles in reproduction, territorial marking, aggregation, and alarm signaling.
Alarm Pheromones:
These are specialized pheromones that enable rapid communication of danger within a group. By triggering immediate defensive or escape responses, they enhance the survival chances of conspecifics and strengthen group cohesion.
Overall, alarm pheromones represent a remarkable evolutionary adaptation. By transmitting information about threats, they synchronize group responses, reduce individual vulnerability, and improve survival across diverse animal groups.
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