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Question

Consider the following statements regarding Annual Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) report 2023 - 24 by the National Statistical Organization (NSO) :
1. The agriculture sector remains dominant in employment, with its share rising from about 44 per cent in 2017-18 to about 46 per cent in 2023-24.
2. The share of female workers in agriculture has increased during the period 2017 - 18 to 2023 - 24.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

This question was previously asked in
CDS 2 2025 Maths Question Paper (14-Sep-2025)
The correct answer is
Both 1 and 2

PLFS Report Overview

The question asks about key findings from the Annual Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) report for the period 2023-24, released by the National Statistical Organization (NSO). It specifically focuses on two aspects: the employment share of the agriculture sector and the participation of female workers within that sector.

Agriculture Sector Employment Share Analysis

Statement 1 discusses the share of employment in the agriculture sector. It claims that this share has increased over time, rising from approximately \(44\%\) in the year \(2017-18\) to about \(46\%\) in \(2023-24\).

Analysis:

  • The Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) is a crucial tool for understanding employment patterns in India.
  • Reports often indicate that the agriculture sector continues to be a significant source of employment, especially in rural areas.
  • An increase in its share suggests that while other sectors might be growing, agriculture's role in providing jobs remains substantial, potentially absorbing workforce growth or acting as a fallback employment option.
  • Therefore, the statement that the agriculture sector's employment share rose from \(44\%\) to \(46\%\) between \(2017-18\) and \(2023-24\) aligns with observed trends in labor force dynamics.

Female Workers in Agriculture Analysis

Statement 2 focuses on the share of female workers within the agriculture sector. It states that this share has seen an increase during the period \(2017-18\) to \(2023-24\).

Analysis:

  • Female labour force participation in agriculture can be influenced by various factors, including male out-migration for work, increased workload within the household farm, and shifts in the definition or measurement of agricultural work.
  • Recent surveys and analyses have often highlighted a growing trend of female participation in economic activities, including agriculture, sometimes referred to as the 'feminization of agriculture'.
  • This increase could be due to women taking on more responsibilities as men move to non-farm sectors or urban areas for employment.
  • Thus, the statement regarding an increased share of female workers in agriculture during the specified period is plausible based on socio-economic trends.

Conclusion on Statements

Based on the analysis of both statements:

  • Statement 1 points to the continuing, and slightly growing, dominance of the agriculture sector in providing employment.
  • Statement 2 highlights an increasing trend in the participation of women within the agricultural workforce.
  • Both trends are often discussed in the context of India's evolving labor market as reflected in reports like the PLFS.

Therefore, both statements given are considered correct in the context of the PLFS report findings.

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Important Questions from Economic Survey 2024-25

  1. The Economic Survey 2024–25 states that India’s foreign exchange reserves were adequate to cover approximately what percentage of external debt as of December 2024?
  2. What is the estimated real GDP growth rate for India in the fiscal year 2025-26, according to the Economic Survey, 2024-25?

  3. Compute the fiscal deficit from the given data:
    Total receipts are ₹13,500 crores and total expenditures are ₹15,000 crores. Revenue receipts are ₹3500 crores. Capital receipts in the form of Government's market borrowings and other liabilities are ₹2500 crores. Loan recoveries are ₹7500 crores.

  4. Which of the following are revenue receipts of the Central Government?
    (A). GST
    (B). Provident Fund
    (C). Interest receipts
    (D). Recoveries of loans and advances from State Governments
    Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  5. The conversion rate between the physical rupee and the digital rupee is determined by which of the following in India?
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