Consider the following statements about Rana Kumbha of Mewar: 1. He wrote a commentary on Jayadeva's Gitagovinda. 2. He wrote four dramas in which he is said to have made use of four provincial languages. 3. He erected Kirtistambha in Chitor in commemoration of his victory over Gujarat. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
1, 2 and 3
- Understanding the Question: The question asks us to evaluate three statements about Rana Kumbha, a prominent ruler of Mewar, and determine which of them are correct. We need to verify each statement based on historical facts.
Rana Kumbha's Literary and Architectural Achievements
Rana Kumbha (reigned 1433-1468 CE) was a significant ruler of the Mewar kingdom in Rajasthan. He is renowned not only for his military victories and administrative skills but also for his deep involvement in arts, literature, and architecture. Let's examine each statement provided about his accomplishments:
Statement 1: Commentary on Gitagovinda
- Fact Check: Historical records and literary analysis confirm that Rana Kumbha was a gifted scholar and poet.
- He authored a significant commentary titled 'Rasikapriya' on the famous 12th-century Sanskrit poem 'Gitagovinda' by Jayadeva.
- This commentary is highly regarded for its insightful analysis and contribution to the understanding of the original work.
- Therefore, statement 1 is correct.
Statement 2: Dramas in Provincial Languages
- Fact Check: Rana Kumbha's talents extended to playwriting as well. He was credited with writing several Sanskrit dramas.
- While primarily a Sanskrit scholar, sources suggest that in his dramatic compositions, he incorporated elements of vernacular or 'provincial' languages spoken in the region during his time, alongside Sanskrit.
- This indicates his effort to make his works accessible or reflective of the local culture.
- Thus, statement 2 is considered correct, interpreting 'provincial languages' as vernacular tongues.
Statement 3: Kirtistambha and Victory over Gujarat
- Fact Check: The Kirtistambha (Tower of Victory), located in Chittorgarh Fort, is a magnificent architectural achievement commissioned by Rana Kumbha.
- It was erected to commemorate his military successes and glorify the Mewar kingdom.
- While Rana Kumbha's victory over Mahmud Khalji of Malwa (around 1440 CE) is often cited as the primary occasion, the inscriptions on the Kirtistambha itself detail victories against several adversaries.
- These inscriptions explicitly mention his triumphs over the Sultans of Malwa, Gujarat, and Nagaur.
- Therefore, the statement that he erected the Kirtistambha in commemoration of his victory over Gujarat is factually accurate, as it was one of the victories acknowledged in the monument's dedication.
- Hence, statement 3 is correct.
Conclusion on Rana Kumbha's Statements
After reviewing each statement based on historical evidence:
- Statement 1, concerning his commentary on the Gitagovinda, is accurate.
- Statement 2, regarding his dramas possibly using provincial languages, is also supported by historical accounts.
- Statement 3, relating the Kirtistambha to his victory over Gujarat, is correct as corroborated by the monument's inscriptions.
Since all three statements are correct, the option including statements 1, 2, and 3 is the accurate choice.
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