Assertion (A) : Industrialization of an economy is considered synonymous with growth. Reasoning (R) : The transfer of resources from agrarian to industrial may be capital or labour or both. Codes :
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
Assertion (A): In development economics, industrialization is regarded as the engine of growth, because industry raises productivity, output and incomes; hence industrialization is commonly treated as synonymous with growth. A is true.
Reasoning (R): In dual-economy models (such as Lewis’s), development involves a transfer of resources from the agrarian sector to the industrial sector, and the resources transferred may be capital (agricultural surplus), labour (surplus labour) or both. R is true.
However, R only describes the form in which resources move between sectors; it does not explain why industrialization is considered synonymous with growth. So R is not the correct explanation of A.
Hence, the answer is Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)..
The Human Development Index (HDI) is introduced by :