An adolescent solving a scientific problem through hypothesis testing demonstrates:
Hypothetico-deductive reasoning
Piaget described the formal operational stage of cognitive development, which typically emerges in adolescence, as marked by the capacity for hypothetico-deductive reasoning.
This form of reasoning allows adolescents to generate hypotheses, systematically test them, and draw logical conclusions when solving scientific problems.
The Law of Exercise, classical conditioning, and negative reinforcement belong to associative and behaviorist learning frameworks and do not describe this systematic, hypothesis-driven reasoning.
Therefore, an adolescent solving a scientific problem through hypothesis testing demonstrates hypothetico-deductive reasoning.
According to Thorndike, learning will not occur effectively unless the learner is:
According to Vygotsky, learning precedes development because :
According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which ability is most characteristic of the formal operational stage ?
According to Jean Piaget, in the Concrete Operational Stage (7 – 11 years), children demonstrate seriation by :
According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, children aged 7 – 11 years are typically in which stage ?
A student suddenly understands a physics concept after visualizing relationships among variables. This represents:
| List-I | List-II |
| A. E. L. Thorndike | I. Observation |
| B. B. F. Skinner | II. Extinction |
| C. I. P. Pavlov | III. Law of effect |
| D. Bandura | IV. Shaping |