Mahatma Gandhi initiated a significant civil disobedience movement, known as Satyagraha, in response to specific oppressive legislation imposed by the British government in India.
Gandhiji's Satyagraha Against Rowlatt Act
Gandhiji decided to launch a nationwide Satyagraha against the Rowlatt Act, passed in 1919. This act aimed to suppress fundamental rights, including freedom of the press and detention without trial.
The core reason for Gandhiji's opposition was the Act's provision allowing the government to arrest and imprison individuals suspected of sedition without a trial, which Gandhiji famously described as "despotic" and a denial of justice.
Analysis of Options
The question asks about the specific Act against which Gandhiji launched his Satyagraha movement.
| Option | Act | Year | Relevance to Gandhiji's Satyagraha |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rowlatt Act | 1919 | Target of the Satyagraha movement. |
| 2 | Vernacular Press Act | 1878 | Preceded Gandhiji's major Satyagraha campaigns. |
| 3 | Government of India Act | 1858 | Established British rule directly; not the target of this specific Satyagraha. |
| 4 | Regulating Act | 1773 | An early British act related to administration; not related to Gandhiji's Satyagraha. |
Based on historical records, the Satyagraha movement initiated by Gandhiji was a direct protest against the repressive measures of the Rowlatt Act.
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