A well drilled for petroleum exploration recorded 80°C temperature at the depth of 3.2 km. Its formation temperature at a depth of 1800 meters will be ................... (assume a surface temperature of 25°C).
55.9°C
In a well the formation temperature increases roughly linearly with depth, \(T(z) = T_s + G z\), where \(T_s\) is the surface temperature and \(G\) is the geothermal gradient. One temperature reading at known depth fixes the gradient, which can then be used for any other depth.
Step 1 — Geothermal gradient: \(G = \dfrac{80 - 25}{3.2} = 17.19\ ^{\circ}\text{C/km}\).
Step 2 — Temperature rise to 1800 m: \(\Delta T = 17.19 \times 1.8 = 30.94\ ^{\circ}\text{C}\).
Step 3 — Formation temperature: \(T = 25 + 30.94 = 55.9\ ^{\circ}\text{C}\).
The shallower depth must be cooler than the 80°C recorded at 3.2 km, which rules out 85.9°C; 65.9°C and 75.9°C would need gradients of about 22°C/km and 28°C/km, inconsistent with the measured data.
55.9°C option is correct.
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Important Questions from Mixed Topic (MH-SET)
.................... is a client server application that identifies each host on the internet with a unique user-friendly name.
Every OS has a ................ or .......... which primarily resides in the main memory of the computer to perform some of the basic functions of the OS.
(i) Kernel
(ii) Interface
(iii) Nucleus
(iv) Compiler
Codes:
Which of the following are referred to as low level language?
(i) Machine language
(ii) Assembly language
(iii) High level language
(iv) Natural language
Codes:
Match the following:
List I List II (a) New York Public Library (i) Shelv AR (b) Miami University Augmented Research Group (ii) Smart library (c) Oula University Library (iii) Wolf Walk (d) North Carolina State University (iv) Find the future Codes:
Which part of the QR code represents the encoded data?
