A student wants to write the chemical formula for aluminium sulfate, which contains two aluminium atoms, three sulfur atoms, and twelve oxygen atoms. Which is the correct formula?
Al₂(SO₄)₃
Aluminium sulfate is an ionic compound made up of aluminium ions (Al³⁺) and sulfate ions (SO₄²⁻), and its formula is written by balancing the total positive and negative charges.
To balance the +3 charge of aluminium with the −2 charge of the sulfate group, two Al³⁺ ions combine with three SO₄²⁻ ions, giving the formula Al₂(SO₄)₃.
This structure accounts for two aluminium atoms, three sulfur atoms (one in each sulfate group) and twelve oxygen atoms (four in each of the three sulfate groups), matching the composition described.
Hence, the correct answer is Al₂(SO₄)₃.
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