Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyaan (PM JANMAN): A Mission for Tribal Upliftment

About the scheme

• The Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyaan (PM JANMAN) is a flagship initiative by the Government of India aimed at empowering Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs).
• The scheme focuses on 100% saturation of essential welfare services, including housing, clean water, healthcare, education, roads, and electricity, ensuring the socioeconomic development of these marginalized communities.

Objective of PM JANMAN

• The primary goal of PM JANMAN is to enhance the quality of life for 75 PVTGs spread across 18 states and 1 Union Territory by addressing basic necessities, infrastructure, and livelihood opportunities.

Key Focus Areas of PM JANMAN

• Safe and Secure Housing
  • Construction of durable houses with adequate amenities.
  • Ensuring climate resilient infrastructure for tribal habitations.
• Access to Clean Drinking Water
  • Providing piped water supply to prevent waterborne diseases.
  • Strengthening sanitation and hygiene facilities.
• Improved Education Facilities
  • Establishing schools in tribal areas to enhance literacy rates.
  • Promoting scholarships and skill development programs for PVTG students.
• Healthcare and Nutrition
  • Expanding primary healthcare centers in remote tribal locations.
  • Providing nutritional support for children, lactating mothers, and pregnant women.
• Road and Telecom Connectivity
  • Development of road networks to connect remote villages.
  • Expanding telecommunication services for digital inclusion.
• Electrification of Tribal Households
  • Providing electricity connections to unelectrified homes.
  • Promoting renewable energy sources for sustainable power solutions.
• Sustainable Livelihood Opportunities
  • Skill development programs tailored for tribal communities.
  • Encouraging entrepreneurship and employment generation through MSMEs.

Implementation and Governance

PM JANMAN is structured around 11 key interventions, executed through 9 ministries, ensuring an integrated approach to tribal development.

Ministries Involved in PM JANMAN Execution:

• Ministry of Tribal Affairs (MoTA)
• Ministry of Jal Shakti
• Ministry of Education & Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship
• Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
• Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH)
• Ministry of Power
• Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD)
• Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSME)
• Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change (MoEFCC)

Who Are Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)?

PVTGs are indigenous tribal communities that face social, economic, and cultural marginalization. These groups are recognized based on specific vulnerability criteria.

Criteria for PVTG Classification:

• Small Population Size
• Primitive Technology
• Geographical Isolation
• Economic Backwardness
• Distinct Cultural Identity

Who Declares PVTGs?

• The Ministry of Tribal Affairs (MoTA) identifies and classifies PVTGs based on recommendations from Tribal Advisory Councils (TACs) at the state level. The final classification is approved by the Government of India.

Total Number of PVTGs in India

• 75 PVTGs are officially recognized in India.
• Odisha has the highest number (13 PVTGs).

PM JANMAN is a historic initiative aimed at uplifting the most marginalized tribal communities by ensuring access to basic amenities, economic empowerment, and social inclusion. By bridging the development gap, this scheme is paving the way for a self reliant and sustainable future for India’s PVTG population.