Mako Shark: First Shortfin Mako Shark Tagged in the Mediterranean

Why in the News?

For the first time, researchers from Virginia Tech in the United States have tagged a young shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus) in the Mediterranean Sea, marking a significant achievement in marine research and conservation efforts.

What is a Mako Shark?

• Scientific Name: Isurus oxyrinchus
• Common Names: Shortfin mako, blue pointer, bonito shark
• Etymology: The term "mako" originates from the Māori language (New Zealand), meaning either "shark" or "shark tooth."

Mako sharks play an essential role in maintaining the balance of ocean ecosystems by regulating marine species populations.

Habitat and Distribution

• Habitat: Found in offshore temperate and tropical seas worldwide. Prefers water temperatures above 16°C (61°F).
• Global Range: Commonly sighted in regions such as New Zealand, the Gulf of Mexico, and Argentina.

Characteristics and Behavior

• Size: Can grow up to 4 meters (13 feet) in length and weigh as much as 570 kg (1,260 lbs).
• Appearance: Notable for its cylindrical body, metallic blue dorsal side, and white underside.
• Speed: Known as one of the fastest shark species, reaching speeds of up to 74 km/h (46 mph).
• Adaptation: Exhibits endothermy, enabling it to maintain a body temperature higher than the surrounding water.

Threats to Mako Sharks

Mako sharks face numerous threats that jeopardize their survival, including:

1. Overfishing: Targeted for sport and commercial purposes due to their size and speed.
2. Bycatch: Often caught unintentionally in fishing gear aimed at other species.
3. Habitat Loss: Marine ecosystems are being degraded and destroyed by human activity.

Conservation Status

• IUCN Red List: Endangered
• CITES Listing: Appendix II

Efforts are ongoing to raise awareness and enforce stricter conservation measures to protect this vital species.