ILO (International Labour Organisation) 2024: History, Structure, Functions & India's Role

Why in news?

The Social Dialogue Report of the International Labour Organisation (ILO), released in Geneva on December 11, 2024, has recommended the governments to uphold fundamental principles and rights at work, especially freedom of association and the effective recognition of the right to collective bargaining.

History

• The International Labour Organisation emerged from the Treaty of Versailles after World War One in 1919.
• In 1946, ILO joined the United Nations family as a specialized technical agency.

Structure

• ILO operates from Geneva, Switzerland, coordinating labor policies across one hundred eighty-seven nations.
• The organization has a unique tripartite structure bringing together governments, employers, and workers for effective policy making.

Core Functions

• ILO promotes social justice worldwide by setting and monitoring international labor standards.
• The organization works tirelessly to create decent employment opportunities across all member nations.
• ILO develops comprehensive social protection systems to safeguard workers' rights and well-being.

Organizational Bodies

• The International Labour Conference meets annually to discuss and establish global labor policies.
• The Governing Body acts as executive council, directing ILO's operations throughout the year.
• The International Labour Office manages daily operations as ILO's permanent administrative headquarters.

India's Role

• India helped establish ILO in 1919 and remains actively involved in its operations.
• Among eight core ILO conventions, India has formally ratified six important labor standards.

Recent Developments

• ILO's Social Dialogue Report emphasizes protecting workers' freedom to associate and organize collectively.
• The organization calls for stronger implementation of labor rights across all member states.

Strategic Goals

• ILO works to promote fundamental labor rights through international conventions and recommendations.
• The organization strives to create better income opportunities for workers worldwide.
• ILO strengthens social protection systems to ensure worker safety and fair working conditions.
• The organization promotes dialogue between workers, employers, and governments for better labor policies.