Indian Coast Guard: Safeguarding India’s Maritime Security

Why in news?

• The Indian Coast Guard (ICG) plays a crucial role in preventing illegal infiltration and ensuring India's sovereignty and internal security, as highlighted by Defence Minister Rajnath Singh.

About the Indian Coast Guard

• Nature: The ICG is India's maritime law enforcement and search-and-rescue agency.
• Jurisdiction: It operates within India’s territorial waters, contiguous zone, and exclusive economic zone (EEZ).
• Establishment: Formed in 1977 based on the Rustamji Committee’s recommendations.
• Legal Framework: A statutory body under the Coast Guard Act, 1978.
• Parent Ministry: Functions under the Ministry of Defence.
• Headquarters: Located in New Delhi, India.
• Objective: To provide non-military maritime services and support national security.

Mandate of the Indian Coast Guard

• Maritime Security: Protects India’s artificial islands, offshore terminals, and key installations.
• Fishermen’s Safety: Ensures rescue operations and assists fishermen & mariners at sea.
• Environmental Protection: Preserves marine ecology, prevents oil spills, and enforces pollution control.
• Anti-Smuggling Operations: Assists Customs and law enforcement agencies in tackling smuggling.
• Law Enforcement: Enforces maritime laws in territorial and international waters, including preventing illegal fishing and narcotics trade.
• Scientific Research Support: Aids in oceanographic and scientific data collection for national interests.

Conclusion

• The Indian Coast Guard plays a pivotal role in maritime security, law enforcement, and environmental protection, ensuring India's coastal and economic interests remain safeguarded.