Understanding the Title of Balban

The question asks about the individual who assumed the title of Balban. This refers to one of the prominent rulers of the Delhi Sultanate during the Mamluk dynasty.

Let's look at the options provided:

• Kabir Khan
• Farid Khan
• Ulugh Khan
• Ayaz Khan

We need to identify which of these names was used by the person who later became known as Balban.

Historically, Ghiyas ud din Balban, one of the most powerful rulers of the Mamluk dynasty (Slave dynasty), was known by another name before ascending the throne and consolidating his power. He served as a powerful minister and military commander under Sultan Nasir ud din Mahmud.

During his time as a powerful figure in the court of Sultan Nasir ud din Mahmud, he held a significant title.

The individual known as Balban was previously known by the title Ulugh Khan. He served as the Wazir (Prime Minister) and Naib (deputy) under Sultan Nasir ud din Mahmud. Upon the death of Nasir ud din Mahmud, Ulugh Khan ascended the throne and adopted the title Ghiyas ud din Balban.

Therefore, the person who assumed the title of Balban was Ulugh Khan.

Analysing the Options for Balban's Former Title

Let's briefly consider why the other options are not correct:

• Kabir Khan: This name is associated with various figures in history, but not specifically as a former title of Ghiyas ud din Balban.
• Farid Khan: This was the original name of Sher Shah Suri, another important ruler in Indian history, but from a much later period and a different dynasty.
• Ayaz Khan: This name is not historically linked to Ghiyas ud din Balban.
• Ulugh Khan: As explained, this was the title held by Ghiyas ud din Balban before he became sultan.

Based on historical records, Ulugh Khan is the correct answer.

Conclusion on Balban's Title

The historical figure who later became known as Sultan Ghiyas ud din Balban initially held the title of Ulugh Khan during his service under Sultan Nasir ud din Mahmud.

Revision Table: Key Facts about Balban

Additional Information: Ghiyas ud din Balban's Reign

Ghiyas ud din Balban ruled the Delhi Sultanate from 1266 to 1287 CE. He was known for his strong and autocratic rule, focusing on consolidating the power of the Sultanate and restoring order after a period of instability. Some key aspects of his reign include:

• Theory of Kingship: He believed in the divine right of kings and emphasized the dignity and power of the Sultan.
• Military Reforms: He reorganized the army and established a strong central military force to suppress internal revolts and external invasions, particularly from the Mongols.
• Spy System: He created an efficient spy network (Barids) to keep track of officials and maintain control throughout the kingdom.
• Suppression of Disorders: He ruthlessly suppressed rebellions and lawlessness, especially in areas like Mewat and Doab.
• Diwan-i-Arz: He established a separate military department called Diwan-i-Arz.

His rule was crucial in strengthening the Delhi Sultanate's foundation, although he did not expand its territory significantly. He laid the groundwork for future strong rulers by emphasizing central authority and military strength.