Who among the following propounded the Alliance Theory ?
Claude Levi Strauss
Alliance theory was propounded by Claude Lévi-Strauss in The Elementary Structures of Kinship (1949). It holds that kinship is built on the exchange of women between groups through marriage; the incest taboo forces groups to marry out, creating alliances and reciprocity (e.g. restricted and generalised exchange, cross-cousin marriage).
It stands opposed to descent theory, associated with A.R. Radcliffe-Brown and British structural-functionalists, which treats unilineal descent groups as the basic units of kinship. B. Malinowski is known for functionalism and fieldwork among the Trobrianders, not alliance theory, and F. Meyer is not linked to it.
Hence, the answer is Claude Levi Strauss.
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