Which tool is commonly used to check the backlash between old gears during
inspection?
Feeler gauge
Backlash is the small designed clearance between the mating flanks of two gear teeth, so inspecting it means measuring a very narrow, well-defined gap.
The right tool is one that carries accurately ground blades of known thickness that can be slipped into a thin gap to read its size directly.
A feeler gauge is exactly that: a set of thin steel leaves marked with their thickness, so the blade that just fits the space between the teeth gives the backlash value.
A torque wrench only sets a tightening torque and reads no clearance, so it cannot measure the gap between teeth.
A file is a cutting tool that removes metal, and a hammer only delivers blows; neither can measure anything, and using them near meshed gears would damage the teeth.
Because only the feeler gauge provides calibrated thin blades sized for narrow gaps, it is the standard instrument for checking gear backlash during inspection.
Hence, the answer is Feeler gauge.
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