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Question

Which permanent tissue makes a plant hard and stiff?

This question was previously asked in
RRB ALP 2018 CBT 2 Fitter Question Paper (21-Jan-2019) (Shift 3)
The correct answer is
Sclerenchma

Sclerenchyma: Plant Hardness and Stiffness

The permanent plant tissue responsible for making a plant hard and stiff is Sclerenchyma.

Why Sclerenchyma?

  • Sclerenchyma tissue consists of cells with highly thickened, lignified secondary walls. Lignin is a complex polymer that makes cell walls rigid and impermeable.
  • These strong, rigid cells provide significant mechanical support, contributing to the hardness and stiffness of plant parts like stems, seed coats, and nutshells.
  • Mature sclerenchyma cells are often dead, offering structural support without metabolic demands.

Other Tissue Functions:

  • Collenchyma provides flexible support, mainly to growing stems and leaves, due to unevenly thickened primary walls.
  • Parenchyma is involved in photosynthesis, storage, and secretion, having thin primary walls.
  • Aerenchyma is a specialized parenchyma that facilitates aeration in aquatic plants.

Therefore, sclerenchyma is the specific tissue that imparts hardness and stiffness.

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