Insulin Duration Comparison
To determine which insulin preparation has the longest effective duration of action, we compare the typical pharmacokinetic profiles of the given options:
- NPH (Neutral Protamine Hageodorn): An intermediate-acting insulin. Onset is typically 1-3 hours, peak effect is 4-10 hours, and duration is about 10-16 hours.
- Detemir: A long-acting insulin analog. Onset is gradual over 1-2 hours, peak effect is minimal or absent, and duration is approximately 12-24 hours.
- Glargine: A long-acting insulin analog. Onset is gradual over 1-2 hours, peak effect is minimal or absent, and duration is approximately 18-24 hours.
- Degludec: An ultra-long-acting insulin analog. Onset is gradual, peak effect is minimal or absent, and duration exceeds 42 hours.
Identifying Longest Acting Insulin
Comparing the durations:
- NPH: ~10-16 hours
- Detemir: ~12-24 hours
- Glargine: ~18-24 hours
- Degludec: >42 hours
The insulin preparation with the longest effective duration of action is Degludec.
Important Questions from Diabetes Mellitus
- A 52-year-old male diabetic presents with recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia. On examination, Pulse : 84 beats/minute, BP : 160/100 mm Hg, Chest and CVS examination unremarkable. Which of the following antihypertensive should be avoided in this patient ?
- Which of the following glucose lowering agent can be given as an injectable drug?
Which of the following findings are seen in Diabetic Retinopathy on fundus examination?
1. Microaneurysm
2. Dot and blot hemorrhage
3. Retinal thickening
4. Neovascularization
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Which of the following statements are correct with regard to glucose homeostasis?
1. Insulin level rises postprandially.
2. Major portion of postprandial glucose is used by skeletal muscle.
3. Brain uses glucose in an insulin-dependent manner.
4. Glucagon is secreted during exercise.
Select the answer using the code given below :
Consider the following pancreatic hormones :
1. Insulin
2. Islet amyloid polypeptide or amylin
3. Glucagon
4. Somatostatin
Which of the above is/are secreted by beta cells of the pancreatic islets?
