Which of the following statements are correct with regard to glucose homeostasis? 1. Insulin level rises postprandially. 2. Major portion of postprandial glucose is used by skeletal muscle. 3. Brain uses glucose in an insulin-dependent manner. 4. Glucagon is secreted during exercise. Select the answer using the code given below :
This question relates to glucose homeostasis, the process of maintaining stable blood glucose levels.
Analyzing Glucose Homeostasis Statements
Let's evaluate each statement:
- Statement 1: Insulin level rises postprandially. This is correct. After consuming food (postprandial), blood glucose levels increase, stimulating the beta cells of the pancreas to secrete more insulin.
- Statement 2: Major portion of postprandial glucose is used by skeletal muscle. This is correct. Skeletal muscle is a primary site for glucose uptake and storage as glycogen after a meal, playing a significant role in clearing excess glucose from the blood.
- Statement 3: Brain uses glucose in an insulin-dependent manner. This is incorrect. The brain relies heavily on glucose for energy but utilizes glucose transporters (like GLUT1 and GLUT3) that are not dependent on insulin for function. Brain glucose uptake is mainly regulated by blood glucose concentration.
- Statement 4: Glucagon is secreted during exercise. This is correct. During physical activity, especially prolonged exercise, the body needs to maintain blood glucose levels. Glucagon is released by the pancreas to stimulate the liver to break down stored glycogen (glycogenolysis) and produce new glucose (gluconeogenesis), thus increasing blood glucose.
Conclusion on Correct Statements
Based on the analysis, statements 1, 2, and 4 accurately describe aspects of glucose homeostasis. Statement 3 is incorrect because brain glucose uptake is insulin-independent.
Important Questions from Diabetes Mellitus
- A 52-year-old male diabetic presents with recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia. On examination, Pulse : 84 beats/minute, BP : 160/100 mm Hg, Chest and CVS examination unremarkable. Which of the following antihypertensive should be avoided in this patient ?
- Which of the following glucose lowering agent can be given as an injectable drug?
Which of the following findings are seen in Diabetic Retinopathy on fundus examination?
1. Microaneurysm
2. Dot and blot hemorrhage
3. Retinal thickening
4. Neovascularization
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Consider the following pancreatic hormones :
1. Insulin
2. Islet amyloid polypeptide or amylin
3. Glucagon
4. Somatostatin
Which of the above is/are secreted by beta cells of the pancreatic islets?
- Which one of the following insulin preparations has the longest effective duration of action?
