Which one of the following does NOT form oxide on reaction with oxygen?
Silver
Understanding Metal Reactions with Oxygen
The question asks to identify which element among Magnesium, Lead, Tin, and Silver does NOT readily form an oxide when reacting with oxygen. This involves understanding the reactivity series of metals and how different metals interact with oxygen.
Reactivity of Metals with Oxygen
Metals react with oxygen to form metal oxides. The ease and conditions under which this reaction occurs depend on the metal's position in the reactivity series. More reactive metals react more readily, often even at room temperature, while less reactive metals require higher temperatures or specific conditions.
Magnesium (Mg) Reaction with Oxygen
Magnesium is a highly reactive alkaline earth metal. It reacts vigorously with oxygen, even when cold, and burns with a brilliant white flame when heated strongly to produce magnesium oxide.
The chemical reaction is represented as:
\(2Mg_{(s)} + O_{2(g)} \xrightarrow{Heat} 2MgO_{(s)}\)
Magnesium readily forms an oxide.
Lead (Pb) Reaction with Oxygen
Lead is a less reactive metal compared to magnesium. However, it reacts with oxygen when heated moderately or strongly to form lead oxides, such as lead(II) oxide (PbO) or lead(II,IV) oxide (Pb\(_3\)O\(_4\), commonly known as red lead).
A common reaction is:
\(2Pb_{(s)} + O_{2(g)} \xrightarrow{Heat} 2PbO_{(s)}\)
Lead forms oxides upon heating.
Tin (Sn) Reaction with Oxygen
Tin is also a reactive metal. When heated in air or oxygen, it reacts to form tin oxides, primarily tin(IV) oxide (SnO\(_2\)).
The reaction is:
\(Sn_{(s)} + O_{2(g)} \xrightarrow{Heat} SnO_{2(s)}\)
Tin forms oxides upon heating.
Silver (Ag) Reaction with Oxygen
Silver is known as a noble metal, characterized by its low reactivity. Unlike magnesium, lead, and tin, silver does not readily react with oxygen at normal temperatures or even upon moderate heating to form a stable oxide. While silver oxide (\(Ag_2O\)) can be formed under specific conditions, such as reaction with ozone or at very high temperatures, it is not formed through simple reaction with oxygen under typical conditions considered in basic chemistry contexts.
Compared to the other metals listed, silver exhibits the least tendency to form an oxide with oxygen.
Conclusion on Oxide Formation
Based on the reactivity analysis:
- Magnesium readily forms an oxide (\(MgO\)).
- Lead forms oxides (\(PbO\), \(Pb_3O_4\)) upon heating.
- Tin forms an oxide (\(SnO_2\)) upon heating.
- Silver does NOT readily form an oxide upon reaction with oxygen under typical conditions.
Therefore, silver is the element that does not form an oxide on reaction with oxygen under normal circumstances considered in this context.
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