First International Environmental Protection Step
The question asks to identify the first official international initiative focused on environmental protection.
Stockholm Conference (1972): This United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, held in Stockholm, Sweden, is widely recognized as the first major global conference addressing environmental issues. It established the foundation for international environmental cooperation and policy.
- Significance: It was the first time nations convened specifically to discuss the interconnectedness of development, environment, and human well-being on a global scale.
- Outcome: Led to the Stockholm Declaration and Action Plan for the Human Environment, and the creation of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).
Other Options:
- Nairobi Declaration (1982): Issued during the UNEP Governing Council session, marking the 10th anniversary of Stockholm.
- Earth Summit (Rio de Janeiro, 1992): Also known as the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), held 20 years after Stockholm.
- Vienna Convention (1985): Focused specifically on the protection of the ozone layer, a later, more specific environmental agreement.
Therefore, the Stockholm Conference was the earliest official international step dedicated to environmental protection.
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