Which of the following was the first electro-mechanical computer?
Mark I
An electro-mechanical computer uses both electrical signals and mechanical (relay) switches — as opposed to fully electronic computers that use vacuum tubes or transistors.
The Harvard Mark I (officially the IBM Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator, ASCC), completed in 1944, is considered the first large-scale automatic electro-mechanical computer. It used electro-mechanical relays to perform computations.
ENIAC (1945) was the first general-purpose fully electronic computer — it used vacuum tubes, not mechanical relays, so it is electronic, not electro-mechanical.
EDVAC (1949) was also fully electronic and introduced the stored-program concept.
UNIVAC (1951) was the first commercially produced electronic computer in the United States.
Hence, the first electro-mechanical computer among the given options was Mark I.
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