The Ohio State Leadership Studies identified two fundamental dimensions of leader behavior crucial for understanding leadership effectiveness.
These studies found that leaders could be described based on their behavior along two independent scales:
The research indicated that leaders could score high or low on both dimensions simultaneously. The combination of Initiating structure and Consideration for relationship represents the key findings of these studies.
| List I (Style) | List II (Description) |
| (a) Directive autocrat | (i) Makes decision participatively and gives latitude to subordinates in carrying out their job |
| (b) Directive democrat | (ii) Makes decision unilaterally and gives subordinates latitude in carrying out their work |
| (c) Permissive autocrat | (iii) Making decisions participatively by close supervision of subordinates |
| (d) Permissive democrat | (iv) Making decisions unilaterally, but closely supervising subordinates |
Match the LIST-I with LIST-II
| LIST-I Leadership Styles | LIST-II Characteristics in Sports Management |
| A. Autocratic | I. Decisions made collectively |
| B. Democratic | II. Coach gives complete freedom |
| C. Laissez-faire | III. Strict authority and control |
| D. Transformational | IV. Inspires players with vision |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: