Alcatraz History: Defence Fort, Prison, and Occupation

The question asks to identify the correct statements about 'Alcatraz', a location recently in the news. Let's analyze each statement:

Statement 1: Alcatraz as a Defence Fort

Alcatraz Island was strategically important for the United States. Following the California Gold Rush, the U.S. Army established a military fortification on the island in the 1850s. Its primary role was to defend the San Francisco Bay against potential attacks. Therefore, Alcatraz did indeed serve as a defence fort.

Status: Correct

Statement 2: Alcatraz as a Prison

Beyond its role as a fort, Alcatraz later transitioned into a military prison. In 1933, the U.S. Department of Justice took control of the island and converted it into a maximum-security federal penitentiary. It became known for housing some of America's most notorious criminals, operating until 1963. Thus, Alcatraz functioned as a prison.

Status: Correct

Statement 3: Occupation by 'Indians of All Tribes'

In November 1969, a significant event occurred when a group of Native Americans, identifying themselves as 'Indians of All Tribes', occupied Alcatraz Island. They claimed the island under treaty rights, protesting injustices and seeking to establish a cultural center. This occupation lasted for 19 months, ending in June 1971. This event brought Alcatraz back into the news and highlighted Native American activism.

Status: Correct

Conclusion on Alcatraz Statements

Based on the historical facts:

• Alcatraz served as a defence fort (Statement 1 is correct).
• Alcatraz functioned as a federal prison (Statement 2 is correct).
• Alcatraz was occupied by 'Indians of All Tribes' (Statement 3 is correct).

Since all three statements are historically accurate, the correct option includes statements 1, 2, and 3.