Identifying Incorrect Foreign Traveler-Ruler Pair
The question asks to identify the pair that does NOT correctly match a foreign traveler with the ruler or dynasty they visited in India.
Analysis of Pairs:
- John Jurdan - Shah Jahan: This pair is INCORRECTLY matched. John Jurdan, an English merchant, visited India in the early 17th century (around 1611). Shah Jahan ruled as Emperor much later, from 1628 to 1658. The time periods do not align.
- Marco Polo - Pandya Kingdom: This pair is correctly matched. Marco Polo, the Venetian traveler, visited parts of South India, including areas under the Pandya rulers, towards the end of the 13th century.
- Abdur Razzak - Dev Ray II: This pair is correctly matched. Abdur Razzak, a Persian traveler, visited the Vijayanagara Empire in the mid-15th century, during the reign of Dev Raya II.
- Ralph Fisch - Akbar: This pair is correctly matched. Ralph Fitch, an English merchant traveler, visited India during the reign of Emperor Akbar in the late 16th century.
Conclusion:
Based on the historical timelines, the pair of John Jurdan and Shah Jahan is not correctly matched.
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