The correct answer is Option 1: Blight.

Understanding Plant Blight

Blight is a rapid and complete chlorosis, browning, wilting, or death of plant tissues (such as leaves, flowers, stems, or entire fruits). It is a major category of plant diseases caused by various pathogenic organisms, including fungi, bacteria, and oomycetes.

Examples: Notable examples include Late Blight of Potato (caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans, which historically triggered the Irish Potato Famine) and Early Blight of Tomato.

Symptoms: It typically begins as small, discolored spots on leaves that rapidly expand, causing the plant tissues to rot and turn black or brown.

Why the Other Options are Incorrect (Animal/Human Diseases)

The other choices are infectious diseases that exclusively affect animals and humans, not plants:

Mastitis (Option 2): This is an inflammatory disease of the mammary gland/udder, typically caused by bacterial infections. It is a highly prevalent and economically damaging disease in dairy cattle and other livestock.

Botulism (Option 3): This is a rare but serious, life-threatening paralytic illness caused by the neurotoxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. It affects humans, birds, and various mammals by attacking the nervous system.

Coccidiosis (Option 4): This is a parasitic disease of the intestinal tract of animals (very common in poultry, cattle, and sheep) caused by microscopic, single-celled protozoan parasites known as coccidia.