Which of the following is a pre-offer takeover defence employed by target companies in hostile takeovers?
Poison pills
Poison pills are shareholder-rights arrangements that can be adopted before a hostile bid. Triggering the rights can dilute the bidder’s stake or otherwise make acquisition costly. Greenmail and Pacman defence are responses to an existing takeover threat.
Match each transaction type in List I with its specific hypothetical description in List II:
| List I: Transaction type | List II: Description |
|---|---|
| (a) Merger into a single surviving company | (i) The buyer purchases specified business assets, but no shares in the seller. |
| (b) Asset-only acquisition | (ii) With the target board’s support, the buyer acquires voting control through a share purchase; the target remains a separate company. |
| (c) Friendly controlling-share acquisition | (iii) Two companies combine legally into one surviving company, rather than remaining separate companies linked only by share ownership. |
| (d) Hostile takeover bid | (iv) A bidder pursues an offer for voting control directly to shareholders despite opposition from the target board. |
Choose the correct option:
Match each multinational-company staffing policy in List I with the approach in List II.
| List I: Staffing policy | List II: Approach |
|---|---|
| A. Key overseas subsidiary positions are filled by nationals of the parent company’s home country. | I. Polycentric |
| B. Host-country nationals manage each foreign subsidiary, while parent-country nationals hold key headquarters positions. | II. Geocentric |
| C. The best-qualified candidates are selected for key positions worldwide, regardless of nationality. | III. Regiocentric |
| D. Managers may move between countries within a designated geographical region, but the staffing pool and transfers remain regionally bounded. | IV. Ethnocentric |
Choose the correct matching from the options below: