Which of the following has both magnitude and direction, making it a vector quantity?
Velocity
Concept: In physics, quantities are often categorized into scalars and vectors.
- Scalar Quantity: A scalar quantity has only magnitude and no direction. Examples include distance, speed, time, mass, etc.
- Vector Quantity: A vector quantity has both magnitude and direction. Examples include velocity, acceleration, force, etc.
Explanation:
- Distance: It is a scalar quantity as it only has magnitude and no specific direction. For example, saying "10 km" does not indicate the direction of travel.
- Speed: It refers to how fast an object is moving, irrespective of its direction, hence it is a scalar quantity.
- Velocity: It is defined as the rate of change of displacement and is expressed as a magnitude and its direction. For instance, "60 km/h east" is an example of velocity, making it a vector quantity.
- Time: It measures the duration of events and has magnitude but no direction, making it a scalar quantity.
Conclusion: Therefore, the correct answer is Velocity as it is the only option that has both magnitude and direction, fulfilling the criteria of a vector quantity.
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