Which of the following correctly represent 'late expanding', i.e., the third stage in the 'demographic cycle'?
Decline in death rates and decline in birthrates
The correct answer is decline in death rates and decline in birthrates. In Stage III of the demographic cycle, the late expanding stage, death rates have fallen further and stabilised at a low level while birth rates now also begin to fall, driven by urbanisation, female literacy and contraceptive use. Population still grows, but at a decelerating rate, since births exceed deaths. India is generally placed in this stage.
Why the others are wrong: High birth rates and high death rates is Stage I, the high stationary stage, where the two cancel out and population is static. Decline in death rates with rising or still-high birth rates is Stage II, early expanding, when sanitation and immunisation cut mortality while fertility stays high — the population explosion. Low death rates and low birth rates is Stage IV, low stationary; Stage V is declining, with births below deaths.
Key point: I high stationary, II early expanding, III late expanding, IV low stationary, V declining — only in Stage III do both rates fall while growth persists.
Similar Questions
Which one of the following fertility-related statistics most appropriately gives the approximate magnitude of 'completed family size'?
Important Questions from Population Studies
- Consider the following data for a country:
Population in 0-14 years of age – 391,558,367
Population between 15–64 years of age – 856,076,200
Population above 65 years of age – 71,943,390
What shall be the dependency ratio of this country? - The life expectancy at birth for a country A is 64 years. The minimum and maximum values of life expectancy are 20 years and 86 years respectively. As part of Human Development Index (HDI), what is the Life Expectancy Index for the country A ?
- Which one among the following was used for measuring economic status of households, in the National Family Health Survey-III (NFHS-III) ?
- Frontline health workers are employed to record the births and deaths in countries which have made slow progress in the development of a comprehensive vital registration system. This approach is known as
- While calculating the 'total dependency ratio', which one of the following is used in the denominator?
