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Question

Which of the following correctly describes the NISAR mission?

This question was previously asked in
SSC CGL 2025 Tier 1 Question Paper (25-Sep-2025) (Shift 3)
The correct answer is

Joint ISRO–NASA mission using L and S-band radar

NISAR stands for NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar, so by its very name it is a joint mission of the American and Indian space agencies.

It carries a unique dual-frequency radar payload: NASA supplies the L-band synthetic aperture radar and ISRO supplies the S-band radar, mounted on a shared reflector.

Being radar-based, it can image the surface day or night and see through clouds, unlike optical satellites, and it maps almost the entire globe every 12 days.

This lets it track subtle changes in land surface, earthquakes and landslides, ice-sheet and glacier motion, and vegetation and soil moisture.

It is therefore not an ISRO-only X-band mission, not a NASA-only ultraviolet astronomy mission, and not an optical exoplanet-hunting mission, so those options are wrong.

The correct description is a Joint ISRO-NASA mission using L and S-band radar.

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