Which of the following correctly describes the NISAR mission?
Joint ISRO–NASA mission using L and S-band radar
Answer: Option D — Joint ISRO-NASA mission using L and S-band radar
Background: NISAR (NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar) carries a unique dual-frequency radar payload, with NASA supplying the L-band radar and ISRO supplying the S-band radar, mounted on a shared satellite platform to monitor Earth's surface changes.
Why this option is correct: As its name states, NISAR is explicitly a joint mission between NASA and ISRO using this dual-band radar configuration.
Why the other options fail:
Option A (ISRO-only mission): Incorrect — NISAR is a joint mission, not an ISRO-only project, despite ISRO's significant contribution.
Option B (NASA-only, ultraviolet astronomy): Incorrect on two counts — it is not NASA-only, and it uses radar imaging, not ultraviolet astronomy.
Option C (optical imaging for exoplanets): NISAR uses radar, not optical imaging, and its purpose is Earth observation, not exoplanet detection.
Source: NASA/ISRO joint mission press material, 2026.
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