Which of the following articles makes provision for reservation of seats for the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the House of the People?
Article 330
Understanding Reservation of Seats in the House of the People
The question asks about the specific article in the Constitution of India that provides for the reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST) in the House of the People, which is also known as the Lok Sabha.
Let's examine the given options and see which article deals with this crucial provision for reservation of seats in the Lok Sabha.
Analysis of Constitutional Articles for Reservation of Seats
- Article 330: This article explicitly deals with the reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the House of the People. It mandates that seats shall be reserved for SCs and STs in the Lok Sabha in proportion to their population in the States or Union Territories.
- Article 347: This article relates to the special provision regarding the language spoken by a section of the population of a State. It allows the President to direct that a language be officially recognized throughout a State or any part thereof if a substantial proportion of the population desires it. This is not related to reservation of seats in the Lok Sabha.
- Article 285: This article deals with the exemption of the property of the Union from State taxation. It states that the property of the Union shall be exempt from all taxes imposed by a State or by any authority within a State. This is related to financial provisions, not reservation of seats.
- Article 297: This article pertains to things of value lying within territorial waters or the continental shelf, and resources of the exclusive economic zone. It declares that such things and resources vest in the Union. This is related to Union property and maritime zones, not reservation of seats in the Lok Sabha.
Based on the analysis, Article 330 is the correct constitutional provision that makes way for the reservation of seats for the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the House of the People (Lok Sabha).
| Article Number | Subject Matter | Relevant to Reservation of Seats in Lok Sabha? |
|---|---|---|
| Article 330 | Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the House of the People. | Yes, Directly related. |
| Article 347 | Special provision relating to language spoken by a section of the population of a State. | No. |
| Article 285 | Exemption of property of the Union from State taxation. | No. |
| Article 297 | Things of value within territorial waters or continental shelf and resources of exclusive economic zone to vest in the Union. | No. |
Conclusion on Reservation Provisions
Therefore, the article specifically providing for the reservation of seats for the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the House of the People is Article 330.
Revision Table: Key Articles & Provisions
| Article | Provision Summary |
|---|---|
| Article 330 | Reservation for SC/ST in Lok Sabha |
| Article 332 | Reservation for SC/ST in State Legislative Assemblies |
| Article 334 | Duration of reservation of seats and special representation (originally 10 years, extended multiple times) |
Additional Information on Reservation in Lok Sabha
The reservation of seats for SCs and STs in the House of the People is a significant aspect of India's commitment to ensuring representation for historically disadvantaged communities. Here are some related points:
- The number of seats reserved for SCs and STs varies from state to state based on their respective populations according to the latest census.
- The allocation of reserved seats to specific constituencies is done by the Delimitation Commission.
- While seats are reserved for SCs and STs, any member of these communities can contest from any general (unreserved) constituency as well.
- The reservation under Article 330 was initially for a period of ten years but has been extended periodically through constitutional amendments. The latest extension, up to January 25, 2030, was done by the 104th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019.
- It is important to distinguish Article 330 (Lok Sabha) from Article 332, which provides for reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the Legislative Assemblies of the States.
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