Which of the following are settlement machineries of industrial disputes under Industrial Disputes Act, 1947? A. Works Committee B. Collective Bargaining C. Conciliation D. Adjudication E. Voluntary Arbitration Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A, C, D and E only
A, C, D and E only — option 2. Collective bargaining is the exception: it is a voluntary bipartite process between union and management, not a machinery created by the Act.
The authorities and machinery under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.
| Machinery | Section | What it does |
|---|---|---|
| A — Works Committee | s. 3 | Compulsory where 100 or more workmen are employed. Equal numbers of employer and workmen representatives, to promote good relations and settle differences before they become disputes — preventive machinery |
| C — Conciliation | ss. 4, 5 | Conciliation Officers and Boards of Conciliation mediate and try to bring about a settlement. The conciliator persuades; he cannot impose a decision. In public utility services conciliation is compulsory |
| D — Adjudication | ss. 7, 7A, 7B | Compulsory reference to Labour Courts, Industrial Tribunals or the National Tribunal, whose award is binding on the parties |
| E — Voluntary Arbitration | s. 10A | The parties agree in writing to refer the dispute to an arbitrator of their own choice; the award is binding. Voluntary in reference but binding in outcome |
| B — Collective bargaining | — | Not provided for in the Act. A voluntary negotiation directly between the parties, with no statutory machinery, no third party and no compulsion |
The distinction being tested is between bipartite and tripartite settlement. Collective bargaining and the works committee are both bipartite, but only the works committee is a creature of the statute. Conciliation, adjudication and arbitration all bring in a third party.
The other useful classification is by compulsion. Conciliation and voluntary arbitration are non-binding or voluntarily accepted; adjudication is compulsory and binding, and is the state’s ultimate instrument for ending a dispute that the parties cannot end themselves. Also worth noting: the Act also provides for Courts of Inquiry (s. 6) to investigate matters connected with a dispute.
Also examinable : the Act’s provisions on strikes and lock-outs, lay-off, retrenchment and closure, and the fact that the Industrial Disputes Act has now been subsumed into the Industrial Relations Code, 2020.
Hence, the answer is A, C, D and E only.
Similar Questions
In Collective Bargaining, an ‘impasse’ refers to :
Which of the following perceive pluralistic approach to Industrial Relation :
A. Work place conflict is seen as a temporary aberration, resulting from poor management, from employees who don’t mix with organisation’s culture.
B. Trade Unions as legitimate representatives of employees interest.
C. Stability in industrial relations as the product of concession and compromises between management and union.
D. Organisations as coalitions of competing interest, where the management role is to mediate amongst the different interest groups.
E. Conflict arises not just because of competing interests within the organisation but because of division within the society between those who own resources and those who have only labour to offer.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
What is the belief among pluralists regarding conflict in organisation?
Match the List-I with List-II
LIST I
Forms of StrikesLIST II
Appropriate MeaningA. Economic strike I. A strike aimed at protesting illegal conduct by the employer. B. Unfair labour practice strike II. A strike that results from a failure to agree on the terms of a contract that involves wages, benefits and other conditions of employment. C. Wild cat strike III. A strike that takes place when one union strikes in support of the strike of another. D. Sympathy strike IV. An unauthorized strike occurring during the term of a contract. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Which one of the following is a facility to file anonymous complaints ?
Which of the following are tripartite bodies ?
(a) Indian Labour Conference
(b) Standing Labour Committee
(c) State Level Advisory Boards
Code :
The Right to strike is a __________.
Which one of the following represents a system where by an employer regularly deducts a portion of employee's wage to pay subscription fee of trade union ?
Consider the following elements :
(a) Actors
(b) Inputs
(c) Context
(d) Output
(e) Ideology
Which of these are not the elements of John T. Dunlop's Framework of Industrial Relations System ?
With respect to collective bargaining match the items in List - I with those in List - II, using the codes at the end of the items.
List - I List - II (a) Win - Lose (i) Winning is everything (b) Lose - Win (ii) Nothing for nothing (c) Lose - Lose (iii) Everything for everything (d) Win - Win (iv) Relationship is paramount Code :
Important Questions from Collective bargaining and workers’ participation in management
Through which one of the following influences of workers’ participation in management regarding ‘safety and welfare and work-related’ issues are resolved?
Assertion A: Workers participation in management is involvement of workers only in such areas of activities of the enterprises where they can make some positive contribution.
Reasoning R: Workers may not be competent enough to understand and appreciate the managerial aspects of the enterprise.
- Which one of the following is not a function of plant council ?
- Which one of the following industrial relations approach believes in state intervention via legislation and the creation of industrial tribunals as supporting management's interest rather than ensuring a balance between the competing groups ?
- What is the term coined for the system of communication and consultation, either formal or informal, by which workers of an organization are kept informed, as and when required, about the affairs of the undertaking and through which they express their opinion and contribute to decision-making process of management ?
