Which molecule is immediately synthesized using energy released during cellular respiration in animal cells?
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Cellular respiration oxidises glucose in three stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain located on the inner mitochondrial membrane.
The energy released is used to phosphorylate ADP with an inorganic phosphate: \(ADP + P_i \rightarrow ATP\). About 30-32 ATP molecules are formed per glucose in animal cells.
ATP acts as the universal energy currency; hydrolysis of its terminal phosphate bond powers muscle contraction, active transport and biosynthesis.
ADP is a product left after ATP does work, not the immediate product of respiration. GDP is generated only in one Krebs-cycle step. NAD is an electron carrier that is reduced to NADH, not a direct energy store.
Hence, the molecule immediately synthesized is adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
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