Understanding Element Naming and Atomic Numbers

The question asks about the atomic number of the element named seaborgium, following the notation provided by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). IUPAC is the global authority on chemical nomenclature and terminology. Elements in the periodic table are uniquely identified by their atomic number, which represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element.

Elements with very high atomic numbers, particularly those beyond uranium ($\text{Z} > 92$), are typically synthetic and highly unstable. Their naming often involves recognizing the scientists who discovered or made significant contributions to chemistry or physics.

Identifying Seaborgium's Atomic Number

Seaborgium is a synthetic chemical element with the symbol $\text{Sg}$. It is named in honor of American nuclear chemist Glenn T. Seaborg, who was a leading figure in the discovery and isolation of many transuranic elements. The naming of seaborgium was approved by IUPAC.

To find the atomic number of seaborgium, we need to consult the periodic table or reliable sources on element nomenclature. According to IUPAC and standard periodic tables, seaborgium corresponds to the element with atomic number $\text{106}$.

Analyzing the Options

Let's look at the given options and see which one matches the atomic number of seaborgium:

• $\text{110}$: This atomic number corresponds to the element darmstadtium ($\text{Ds}$).
• $\text{106}$: This atomic number corresponds to the element seaborgium ($\text{Sg}$).
• $\text{102}$: This atomic number corresponds to the element nobelium ($\text{No}$).
• $\text{113}$: This atomic number corresponds to the element nihonium ($\text{Nh}$).

Based on the analysis, the atomic number $\text{106}$ is assigned to the element seaborgium.

Summary of Element-Atomic Number Relationships

Here is a brief summary of the elements corresponding to the given atomic numbers:

Therefore, the element with atomic number $\text{106}$ is named seaborgium according to IUPAC nomenclature.

Revision Table: Atomic Numbers and Element Names

Additional Information: Seaborgium and Transuranic Elements

Seaborgium is a transuranic element, meaning its atomic number is greater than $\text{92}$ (the atomic number of uranium). It is also a transactinide element, belonging to the 6d series of transition metals. Seaborgium is highly radioactive, and its most stable known isotope is $\text{^{271}Sg}$, with a half-life of about $\text{2.4}$ minutes. It was first synthesized in $\text{1974}$ simultaneously by research teams in the United States and the Soviet Union.

Glenn T. Seaborg was the first living person to have an element named after him, a decision that sparked some debate at the time but was ultimately upheld by IUPAC. His work was crucial in the discovery and understanding of the actinide concept, which explains the placement of the actinide series in the periodic table.

Studying transuranic elements like seaborgium helps scientists understand the properties of elements at the extreme end of the periodic table and test theoretical models of atomic structure.