Answer the questions that follow based on either English passage or Marathi passage. Biology is the study of living things and their vital processes. The field deals with all the physicochemical aspects of life. The modern tendency toward cross-disciplinary research and the unification of scientific knowledge and investigation from different fields has resulted in significant overlap of field of biology with other scientific disciplines. Modern principles of other fields-chemistry, physics, and medicine, for example-are integrated with those of biology in areas such as biochemistry, biomedicine, and biophysics. Biology is subdivided into separate branches for convenience of study, though all the subdivisions are interrelated by basic principles. Thus, while it is custom to separate the study of plants (botany) from that of animals (zoology), and the study of the structure of organisms (morphology) from that of function (physiology), all living things share in common certain biological phenomena-for example, various means of reproduction, cell division, and the transmission of genetic material. Biology is often approached on the basis of levels that deal with fundamental units of life. At the level of molecular biology, life is regarded as a manifestation of chemical and energy transformations that occur among the many chemical constituents that compose an organism. As a result of the development of increasingly powerful and precise laboratory instruments and techniques, it is possible to understand and define with high precision and accuracy not only the ultimate physiochemical organization (ultrastructure) of the molecules in living matter but also the way living matter reproduces at the molecular level. Especially crucial to those advances was the rise of genomics in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.
Which development is identified by the passage as especially crucial to the increasing precision with which molecular-level biological phenomena can be understood ?
The rise of genomics during the late 20th and early 21st centuries
The third paragraph of the passage deals with the molecular level of biology. It explains that increasingly powerful and precise laboratory instruments and techniques now make it possible to understand, with high precision and accuracy, the ultrastructure of molecules in living matter and the way living matter reproduces at the molecular level.
Immediately after this, the passage states directly that especially crucial to those advances was the rise of genomics in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. The phrase 'those advances' refers to the growing precision of molecular-level understanding, so the development singled out by the author is the rise of genomics during that period.
The separation of botany from zoology and the division of morphology from physiology are mentioned only as customary subdivisions made for convenience of study, not as causes of molecular precision. The integration of medicine with biology is mentioned in the first paragraph as part of cross-disciplinary overlap, and it is not linked to molecular advances.
Hence, The rise of genomics during the late 20th and early 21st centuries.
Similar Questions
Answer Question based on either English passage :
Despite its extraordinary name `ergonomics' is not just something which has been dreamed up by boffins to confuse busy businessmen. It is a practical science which can make and is making a valuable contribution to industry. Research being carried out in this field can increase efficiency, improve product design and make employees more contented.
Broadly, ergonomics is the study of the relationship between man and his working environment. It involves designing or redesigning machines and equipments so that due regard is given to the capabilities and limitations -- physical and psychological -- of the human beings who have to use or operate them.
In contrast to the more common, traditional policy of `fitting the man to the machine' by selecting and training the best man for each particular job, the ergonomist endeavours to fit the machine to the man-any man.
He accepts people, in fact, as he finds them with all their quirks and idiosyncracies, and tries to establish their capabilities as machine operators. He then attempts to allocate to the human operator the functions each can perform best. His object is to enable a person of ordinary abilities to carry out his tasks safely and efficiently, with a minimum of instruction.
The ergonomist himself needs a knowledge of a number of sciences and techniques in order to carry out his work.
The given passage states that Mahatma Gandhi largely succeeded in .................. .
What do you understand by the phrase “to be rid of ” ?
What did Mahatma Gandhi represent ?
The main contribution of Gandhi to India has been ................. .
What, do you think, is the correct meaning of the term “bourgeois” ?
The object of an ergonomist is ............
What is the more common or traditional policy ?
Ergonomics is the study of ..............
What do you understand by `boffins' ?
Important Questions from Reading Comprehension
What is the meaning of ‘intrigued’?
What are ice shelves?
What are icebergs?
When the iceberg turns upside down, it appears ________.
The use of science in its simple form has helped man to ____________
