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Question

Which classical musical treatise, composed in the 13th century CE by Sharangadeva in Maharashtra, is considered a foundational text in Indian musicology?

This question was previously asked in
SSC CGL 2025 Tier 2 Paper 1 Question Paper (19-Jan-2026)
The correct answer is

Sangeet Ratnakara

Sangeet Ratnakara (Ocean of Music), composed by Sharangadeva in the 13th century CE in the Yadava kingdom of Devagiri (Maharashtra), is regarded as the most comprehensive foundational text of Indian classical music. It bridges the older Gandharva tradition and the two evolving streams of Hindustani and Carnatic music. The Natya Shastra (by Bharata, 2nd century BCE–2nd century CE) is an older text; Sangeet Sudha and Abhinaya Darpana are different treatises.

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